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zabbix5.0 mysql表分区

zabbix经常出现Zabbix housekeeper processes more than 75% busy报警,报警时WEB访问就变得很慢,尤其是加载历史数据的图形。

使用网上的调优设置,修改过housekeeper的进程和间隔时间,效果都不太理想。

因此就按照网上的建议,做一下zabbix mysql的数据库表的分区吧。

使用mysql表分区来对history这种大表进行分区,但是一定要在数据量小的时候进行分区,当数据量达到好几十G设置几百G了还是采用第一种方法把数据清理了再作表分区。

我看了下我的数据,也是非常大。

[root@zabbix ~]# find /netzbxdb/ -type f -print0 | xargs -0 du -h | sort -rh | head -n 10
18G /netzbxdb/zabbix/history_uint.ibd
5.1G /netzbxdb/zabbix/history.ibd
2.1G /netzbxdb/zabbix/trends_uint.ibd
1.1G /netzbxdb/binlog.000051
1.1G /netzbxdb/binlog.000050
1.1G /netzbxdb/binlog.000049

过程不写了,最后做法是清空zabbix历史数据,再进行分区。

步骤如下吧!

1,使用truncate命令清空zabbix 所有监控数据

-------------------------------------------------------
truncate table history;
optimize table history;
------------------------------------------------------- 
truncate table history_str;
optimize table history_str;
-------------------------------------------------------
truncate table history_uint;
optimize table history_uint;
-------------------------------------------------------
truncate table trends;
optimize table trends;
-------------------------------------------------------
truncate table trends_uint; 
optimize table trends_uint; 
-------------------------------------------------------
truncate table events;
optimize table events;
-------------------------------------------------------

注意:这些命令会把zabbix所有的监控数据清空,只是清空监控数据,添加的主机,配置,拓扑图不会丢失。如果对监控数据比较看重的话注意备份数据库

truncate是删除了表,然后根据表结构重新建立。

2,创建sql文件

[root@zabbix ~]# vim partition.sql

DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_create`(SCHEMANAME varchar(64), TABLENAME varchar(64), PARTITIONNAME varchar(64), CLOCK int)
BEGIN
        /*
           SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
           TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
           PARTITIONNAME = The name of the partition to create
        */
        /*
           Verify that the partition does not already exist
        */

        DECLARE RETROWS INT;
        SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
        FROM information_schema.partitions
        WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_description >= CLOCK;

        IF RETROWS = 0 THEN
        /*
           1. Print a message indicating that a partition was created.
           2. Create the SQL to create the partition.
           3. Execute the SQL from #2.
        */
        SELECT CONCAT( "partition_create(", SCHEMANAME, ",", TABLENAME, ",", PARTITIONNAME, ",", CLOCK, ")" ) AS msg;
        SET @sql = CONCAT( 'ALTER TABLE ', SCHEMANAME, '.', TABLENAME, ' ADD PARTITION (PARTITION ', PARTITIONNAME, ' VALUES LESS THAN (', CLOCK, '));' );
        PREPARE STMT FROM @sql;
        EXECUTE STMT;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
        END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_drop`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE BIGINT)
BEGIN
        /*
           SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
           TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
           DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE = Delete any partitions with names that are dates older than this one (yyyy-mm-dd)
        */
        DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
        DECLARE drop_part_name VARCHAR(16);

        /*
           Get a list of all the partitions that are older than the date
           in DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE.  All partitions are prefixed with
           a "p", so use SUBSTRING TO get rid of that character.
        */
        DECLARE myCursor CURSOR FOR
        SELECT partition_name
        FROM information_schema.partitions
        WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND CAST(SUBSTRING(partition_name FROM 2) AS UNSIGNED) < DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE;
        DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;

        /*
           Create the basics for when we need to drop the partition.  Also, create
           @drop_partitions to hold a comma-delimited list of all partitions that
           should be deleted.
        */
        SET @alter_header = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " DROP PARTITION ");
        SET @drop_partitions = "";

        /*
           Start looping through all the partitions that are too old.
        */
        OPEN myCursor;
        read_loop: LOOP
        FETCH myCursor INTO drop_part_name;
        IF done THEN
    LEAVE read_loop;
        END IF;
        SET @drop_partitions = IF(@drop_partitions = "", drop_part_name, CONCAT(@drop_partitions, ",", drop_part_name));
        END LOOP;
        IF @drop_partitions != "" THEN
        /*
           1. Build the SQL to drop all the necessary partitions.
           2. Run the SQL to drop the partitions.
           3. Print out the table partitions that were deleted.
        */
        SET @full_sql = CONCAT(@alter_header, @drop_partitions, ";");
        PREPARE STMT FROM @full_sql;
        EXECUTE STMT;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;

        SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, @drop_partitions AS `partitions_deleted`;
        ELSE
        /*
           No partitions are being deleted, so print out "N/A" (Not applicable) to indicate
           that no changes were made.
        */
        SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, "N/A" AS `partitions_deleted`;
        END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_maintenance`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32), TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(32), KEEP_DATA_DAYS INT, HOURLY_INTERVAL INT, CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS INT)
BEGIN
        DECLARE OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE VARCHAR(16);
        DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
        DECLARE OLD_PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
        DECLARE LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP INT;
        DECLARE CUR_TIME INT;

        CALL partition_verify(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, HOURLY_INTERVAL);
        SET CUR_TIME = UNIX_TIMESTAMP(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%Y-%m-%d 00:00:00'));

        SET @__interval = 1;
        create_loop: LOOP
        IF @__interval > CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS THEN
    LEAVE create_loop;
        END IF;

        SET LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP = CUR_TIME + (HOURLY_INTERVAL * @__interval * 3600);
        SET PARTITION_NAME = FROM_UNIXTIME(CUR_TIME + HOURLY_INTERVAL * (@__interval - 1) * 3600, 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
        IF(PARTITION_NAME != OLD_PARTITION_NAME) THEN
    CALL partition_create(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP);
        END IF;
        SET @__interval=@__interval+1;
        SET OLD_PARTITION_NAME = PARTITION_NAME;
        END LOOP;

        SET OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL KEEP_DATA_DAYS DAY), '%Y%m%d0000');
        CALL partition_drop(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE);

END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_verify`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), HOURLYINTERVAL INT(11))
BEGIN
        DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
        DECLARE RETROWS INT(11);
        DECLARE FUTURE_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP;

        /*
         * Check if any partitions exist for the given SCHEMANAME.TABLENAME.
         */
        SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
        FROM information_schema.partitions
        WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_name IS NULL;

        /*
         * If partitions do not exist, go ahead and partition the table
         */
        IF RETROWS = 1 THEN
        /*
         * Take the current date at 00:00:00 and add HOURLYINTERVAL to it.  This is the timestamp below which we will store values.
         * We begin partitioning based on the beginning of a day.  This is because we don't want to generate a random partition
         * that won't necessarily fall in line with the desired partition naming (ie: if the hour interval is 24 hours, we could
         * end up creating a partition now named "p201403270600" when all other partitions will be like "p201403280000").
         */
        SET FUTURE_TIMESTAMP = TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, HOURLYINTERVAL, CONCAT(CURDATE(), " ", '00:00:00'));
        SET PARTITION_NAME = DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), 'p%Y%m%d%H00');

        -- Create the partitioning query
        SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " PARTITION BY RANGE(`clock`)");
        SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT(@__PARTITION_SQL, "(PARTITION ", PARTITION_NAME, " VALUES LESS THAN (", UNIX_TIMESTAMP(FUTURE_TIMESTAMP), "));");

        -- Run the partitioning query
        PREPARE STMT FROM @__PARTITION_SQL;
        EXECUTE STMT;
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
        END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;

DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE`partition_maintenance_all`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32))
BEGIN
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history', 90, 24, 14);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_log', 90, 24, 14);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_str', 90, 24, 14);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_text', 90, 24, 14);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_uint', 90, 24, 14);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends', 730, 24, 14);
               CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends_uint', 730, 24, 14);
END$$
DELIMITER ;

3,导入sql文件

[root@zabbix ~]# mysql -uzabbix -p123456 zabbix < partition.sql

4,添加计划任务

[root@zabbix ~]# crontab  -e 
#zabbix partition_maintenance
01 01 * * *  mysql  -uzabbix -p123456 zabbix -e"CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix')" &>/var/log/partition.log

注意: mysql的zabbix用户的密码部分按照实际环境配置

首次执行一次,确保已成功执行。
将crontab时间改为后1分钟,等待1分钟,再看log即可,比如现在是14:45,那就修改crontab如下:

[root@zabbix ~]# crontab  -e 
46 14 * * *  mysql  -uzabbix -p123456 zabbix -e"CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix')" &>/var/log/partition.log

5,检查分区是否成功

可以在/var/log/partition.log查看:

[root@zabbix ~]# cat /var/log/partition.log

也可以登陆mysql,使用以下命令查看:

最后,再检查一下mysql目录下的表文件,可以看到经过分区后的表的数据库文件由原来打个ibd文件变成了按照日期划分的多个ibd文件。

[root@zabbix zabbix]# ll -h | grep history

6,关闭zabbix再带的清理功能。

依次打开,管理—-一般—-设置—管家,取消图中标识的2处勾选。

至此,zabbix5.0 mysql表分区完成,本人亲测,zabbix5.0有效。

附:修改’partition_maintenance_all

show procedure status like ‘partition_maintenance%’ \G;

drop procedure partition_maintenance_all;

重新复制修改后的partition_maintenance_all

CALL partition_maintenance_all(‘zabbix’);

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可附来源转载:一只北极熊 » zabbix5.0 mysql表分区

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